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Question #44053
The Question
Given the standard reduction potentials at : And the overall formation constants () for copper-ammonia complexes: Consider the comproportionation reaction in an aqueous medium where the equilibrium concentration of free is maintained at : Which of the following correctly identifies the standard potential of this reaction () under these conditions and the thermodynamic stability of the state? (Take )
Options
- A.
; complex is stable against disproportionation.
- B.
; complex disproportionates spontaneously.
- C.
; complex is stable against disproportionation.
- D.
; complex disproportionates spontaneously.
Check Your Answer
Correct Answer
Step-by-Step Solution
Explanation
How the Examiner Thinks
Numerical_Precision
Improve calculation stamina and avoid rounding errors in high-stakes competitive examinations.
Concepts Behind This Question
Standard State Conditions|Electrode Potential Sign Conventions|Fuel Cell Efficiency
Why This Question Is Tricky
Common Mistakes
This question tests the 'Concentration Dependency via Nernst Equation' trap.
Students rote-memorize that Cu(I) is unstable in aqueous solutions because its standard disproportionation potential is positive (+0.36 V).
The hidden variable here is differential complexation.
Because the formation constant for the Cu(I) complex () is exceptionally high relative to the Cu(II) complex (), the concentration of free Cu+ is suppressed much more drastically than Cu2+.
This thermodynamic shift reverses the sign of the Gibbs free energy for the reaction, making the otherwise unstable +1 oxidation state highly stable.
Students who only look at the standard uncomplexed E° values will incorrectly choose option B.
Quick Facts About This Question
Question Information
| Subject | Chemistry |
| Chapter | Thermodynamics - Class 11 Part 1 |
| Concept | Standard State Conditions |
| Difficulty | 8 |
| Cognitive Load | 7 |
| Target Solve Time | 160 sec |
| Access | Free |