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Question #46903
The Question
An isolated cell-free system in a test tube is supplied with specific enzymes, ATP, and substrates. It continuously synthesizes complex proteins, resulting in a net increase in mass (anabolism > catabolism). However, it lacks a boundary membrane and cannot reproduce. According to the principles of 'The Living World', which of the following statements accurately evaluates this system?
Options
- A.
It is a living entity because it exhibits metabolism, which is an all-inclusive defining property of living organisms.
- B.
It is a non-living system demonstrating living reactions, as the emergent properties of life require cellular organization, not just isolated enzymatic kinetics.
- C.
It is classified as living because it demonstrates intrinsic growth via anabolic pathways, which is the ultimate defining feature of life.
- D.
It is a non-living system primarily because it lacks the ability to reproduce, which is a mandatory defining characteristic for all living organisms.
Check Your Answer
Correct Answer
Step-by-Step Solution
Explanation
How the Examiner Thinks
Regulatory_Failure
Understand how NOT, EXCEPT, and logical constraints are used to manipulate exam results.
Concepts Behind This Question
Metabolism vs. In-vitro Reactions|Growth-Reproduction Mutual Exclusivity
Why This Question Is Tricky
Common Mistakes
Conceptual Pivot: Students often confuse the statement 'metabolism is a defining feature' with 'any system showing metabolism is a living organism.' NCERT draws a strict demarcation: isolated metabolic reactions in vitro are 'living reactions', but the system itself is 'not a living thing'.
The true threshold for a living entity is cellular organization.
Additionally, Option D traps students who falsely believe reproduction is a defining (non-negotiable) feature of life.
Quick Facts About This Question
Question Information
| Subject | Biology |
| Chapter | The Living World - Class 11 |
| Concept | Growth-Reproduction Mutual Exclusivity |
| Difficulty | 8 |
| Cognitive Load | 5 |
| Target Solve Time | 120 sec |
| Access | Free |