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Question #46384
The Question
A patient with uncontrolled Diabetes Mellitus exhibits a blood glucose level that significantly exceeds the renal threshold. This leads to chronic osmotic diuresis and a subsequent reduction in extracellular fluid volume. Which of the following accurately describes the counter-regulatory endocrine response involving the heart and the kidneys?
Options
- A.
Reduced atrial stretch decreases ANF secretion, thereby removing its physiological check on the Renin-Angiotensin mechanism.
- B.
Increased blood osmolarity directly stimulates the atrial myocardium to release ANF, promoting compensatory natriuresis.
- C.
The Juxtaglomerular Apparatus (JGA) decreases renin secretion to prevent further obligate water loss through the nephron.
- D.
ANF secretion increases to counteract the hypovolemia by causing profound vasoconstriction of peripheral blood vessels.
Check Your Answer
Correct Answer
Step-by-Step Solution
Explanation
How the Examiner Thinks
Regulatory_Failure
Understand how NOT, EXCEPT, and logical constraints are used to manipulate exam results.
Concepts Behind This Question
Atrial_Natriuretic_Factor|Cardiac_Stretch|Renin-Angiotensin
Why This Question Is Tricky
Common Mistakes
Conceptual Pivot: Students often memorize that 'ANF regulates blood volume' but fail to apply the directional logic (stretch = release).
A common misconception is confusing the triggers for ANF (volume/stretch) with ADH (osmolarity), or assuming that any renal pathology triggers a protective ANF release.
The pivot is recognizing that osmotic diuresis causes hypovolemia, which suppresses ANF and activates RAAS.
Quick Facts About This Question
Question Information
| Subject | Biology |
| Chapter | Body Fluids and Circulation - Class 11 |
| Concept | Regulation of Cardiac Activity |
| Difficulty | 8 |
| Cognitive Load | 5 |
| Target Solve Time | 120 sec |
| Access | Free |