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Question #46375
The Question
A patient presents with chronic hypervolemia (volume overload) and systemic hypertension. Blood analysis reveals significantly elevated levels of Atrial Natriuretic Factor (ANF). Despite this robust cardiac endocrine response, the patient's blood pressure remains abnormally high. Which of the following concurrent physiological states best explains the failure of ANF to restore normal blood pressure?
Options
- A.
Upregulation of aquaporin channels in the collecting duct due to sustained high levels of Vasopressin.
- B.
Uninhibited release of Renin from the Juxtaglomerular (JG) cells leading to Angiotensin II-mediated vasoconstriction.
- C.
ANF-mediated potent vasoconstriction of the efferent arteriole, drastically reducing the Glomerular Filtration Rate (GFR).
- D.
Downregulation of Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme (ACE) in the pulmonary capillaries.
Check Your Answer
Correct Answer
Step-by-Step Solution
Explanation
How the Examiner Thinks
Regulatory_Failure
Understand how NOT, EXCEPT, and logical constraints are used to manipulate exam results.
Concepts Behind This Question
Atrial_Stretch_Receptors|Vasodilation|Renin-Angiotensin-Aldosterone_System
Why This Question Is Tricky
Common Mistakes
Conceptual Pivot: Students often memorize that 'ANF lowers blood pressure' without understanding the antagonistic hierarchy of renal hormones.
The trap lies in failing to recognize that while ANF successfully suppresses RAAS (eliminating Option B), an independent hypersecretion of ADH (Vasopressin) can bypass this check.
ADH directly forces water reabsorption at the collecting duct, rendering the cardiac compensation (ANF) ineffective and sustaining the volume overload.
Quick Facts About This Question
Question Information
| Subject | Biology |
| Chapter | Body Fluids and Circulation - Class 11 |
| Concept | Double Circulation Physics |
| Difficulty | 8 |
| Cognitive Load | 5 |
| Target Solve Time | 120 sec |
| Access | Free |