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Question #46145

Difficulty: 8/10 | 🟢 Free

The Question

Earthworms (Pheretima) possess a closed circulatory system with hemoglobin. However, during severe environmental hypoxia, they experience rapid systemic respiratory failure compared to vertebrates. Which of the following structural trade-offs best explains this physiological limitation?

Options

  • A.

    Hemoglobin is dissolved directly in the blood plasma, lacking the erythrocyte-mediated intracellular pH-buffering required for an efficient Bohr effect.

  • B.

    The blood glands in the 4th, 5th, and 6th segments produce hemoglobin that exhibits a leftward shift in the oxygen dissociation curve during high tissue pCO2.

  • C.

    The lack of a specialized respiratory surface prevents the establishment of a steep partial pressure gradient, rendering the closed circulatory system ineffective.

  • D.

    Hemoglobin in annelids is packaged within specialized amoeboid corpuscles that lack carbonic anhydrase, severely limiting CO2 transport.

Check Your Answer

Correct Answer

Step-by-Step Solution

Explanation

How the Examiner Thinks

Comparative_Analysis

Sharpen your ability to evaluate multiple scenarios and distinguish between competing potential answers.

Concepts Behind This Question

Hemoglobin|Closed_Circulatory_System|Gases_Exchange

Why This Question Is Tricky

Common Mistakes

Conceptual Pivot: Integrating Structural Organization in Animals with Human Physiology.

Students memorize that earthworms have hemoglobin and a closed circulatory system, but often overlook the functional consequence of the NCERT line 'haemoglobin is dissolved in blood plasma'.

The trap tests the physiological necessity of erythrocytes for an efficient Bohr effect.

Quick Facts About This Question

Question Information

SubjectBiology
ChapterAnimal Kingdom - Class 11
ConceptAnnelida Circulatory System
Difficulty8
Cognitive Load5
Target Solve Time120 sec
AccessFree