Before You Begin
Question #45904
The Question
During alcoholic fermentation, yeast poisons itself to death when the concentration of alcohol reaches about 13%. At the molecular level, high ethanol concentrations induce conformational stress in cellular proteins. If this stress specifically disrupts the first phase of translation, leading to the incorporation of incorrect amino acids into nascent fermentation enzymes, which of the following is directly compromised?
Options
- A.
The ribozyme activity of the larger ribosomal subunit during peptide bond formation
- B.
The highly specific aminoacylation of tRNA by aminoacyl-tRNA synthetase
- C.
The recognition of the Shine-Dalgarno sequence by the 30S ribosomal subunit
- D.
The binding of release factors to the nonsense codons in the A-site
Check Your Answer
Correct Answer
Step-by-Step Solution
Explanation
How the Examiner Thinks
Regulatory_Failure
Understand how NOT, EXCEPT, and logical constraints are used to manipulate exam results.
Concepts Behind This Question
Saccharomyces cerevisiae|Ethanol Toxicity|Stress-induced Translation
Why This Question Is Tricky
Common Mistakes
Conceptual Pivot: Students often memorize the 13% alcohol limit for yeast but fail to link ethanol's denaturing properties to molecular biology concepts like translation fidelity.
The core misconception tested is the assumption that the ribosome checks for correct amino acids, whereas fidelity is actually established during tRNA charging by aminoacyl-tRNA synthetase.
Additionally, Option C serves as a taxonomic trap by using prokaryotic translation terms for a eukaryotic organism (yeast).
Quick Facts About This Question
Question Information
| Subject | Biology |
| Chapter | Molecular Basis of Inheritance - Class 12 |
| Concept | tRNA Charging Accuracy |
| Difficulty | 8 |
| Cognitive Load | 5 |
| Target Solve Time | 120 sec |
| Access | Free |