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Question #45844
The Question
A biopsy of a highly aggressive malignant tumor reveals severe chromosomal instability (CIN), characterized by the presence of metastatic aneuploid clones. Based on the principles of cell cycle regulation and oncogenesis, which of the following statements regarding the progression of this tumor is INCORRECT?
Options
- A.
Aneuploidy in these clones primarily arises due to the failure of the spindle assembly checkpoint during the M-phase, causing unequal segregation of sister chromatids.
- B.
The metastatic potential of these clones is fundamentally facilitated by the loss of contact inhibition, allowing them to invade surrounding tissues.
- C.
The observed genomic instability is driven by the complete failure of cytokinesis following telophase, which provides the metabolic adaptation required for metastasis.
- D.
These clones successfully evade apoptosis despite aneuploidy-induced proteotoxic stress due to the concurrent mutational inactivation of tumor suppressor genes.
Check Your Answer
Correct Answer
Step-by-Step Solution
Explanation
How the Examiner Thinks
Regulatory_Failure
Understand how NOT, EXCEPT, and logical constraints are used to manipulate exam results.
Concepts Behind This Question
Aneuploidy_vs_Polyploidy|Oncogenes_vs_Proto-oncogenes|Metastasis
Why This Question Is Tricky
Common Mistakes
Conceptual Pivot: The strict cytogenetic distinction between Aneuploidy and Polyploidy.
Students frequently conflate general 'genomic instability' or 'abnormal cell division' in cancer with any type of chromosomal error.
The trap relies on the student failing to recognize that cytokinesis failure specifically yields polyploidy, whereas the aneuploidy driving this specific metastatic evolution requires non-disjunction (spindle checkpoint failure).
Quick Facts About This Question
Question Information
| Subject | Biology |
| Chapter | Principles of Inheritance and Variation - Class 12 |
| Concept | Aneuploidy vs Polyploidy |
| Difficulty | 8 |
| Cognitive Load | 5 |
| Target Solve Time | 120 sec |
| Access | Free |