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Question #45577
The Question
A clinical research team is evaluating genetic interventions to manage a vertically transmitted viral STI (e.g., HIV) that integrates into the host genome. They consider two approaches: Approach X involves modifying the neonate's isolated T-lymphocytes using a retroviral vector to confer viral resistance, while Approach Y involves introducing the resistance gene directly into the zygote. Based on the principles of biotechnology and reproductive health, which of the following statements is correct?
Options
- A.
Approach X represents germline gene therapy because retroviral vectors permanently alter the host's reproductive cells.
- B.
Approach Y is a routine clinical procedure that successfully prevents horizontal transmission of STIs without ethical constraints.
- C.
Approach X alters the genotype of specific somatic cells to treat the phenotype, but this modification will not be inherited by the neonate's future offspring.
- D.
Both approaches violate the 'no-heritable-change' rule because any genetic modification to confer viral resistance is strictly prohibited in humans.
Check Your Answer
Correct Answer
Step-by-Step Solution
Explanation
How the Examiner Thinks
Evolutionary_Exception
Tackle problems where standard rules evolve or change based on specific environmental constraints.
Concepts Behind This Question
STI_vs_STD_Distinction|Gene_Therapy_Germline_vs_Somatic
Why This Question Is Tricky
Common Mistakes
Conceptual Pivot: Distinguishing between Somatic and Germline Gene Therapy in the context of vertical STI transmission.
Students often confuse the use of retroviral vectors (which integrate into the genome) with heritability.
The trap is assuming that any permanent genomic integration by a viral vector makes the trait heritable, failing to distinguish between the somatic (T-lymphocyte) and germline (zygote) target cells.
Quick Facts About This Question
Question Information
| Subject | Biology |
| Chapter | Reproductive Health - Class 12 |
| Concept | STI vs STD Distinction |
| Difficulty | 8 |
| Cognitive Load | 5 |
| Target Solve Time | 120 sec |
| Access | Free |