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Question #45525
The Question
Consider the biological principles and ethical constraints governing genetic screening and biotechnology applications. Which of the following statements is INCORRECT regarding the regulatory and functional boundaries of these procedures?
Options
- A.
Amniocentesis relies on the karyotypic analysis of fetal cells suspended in amniotic fluid to diagnose chromosomal aberrations, but it is strictly a diagnostic tool that does not modify the fetal phenotype.
- B.
The standard gene therapy for Adenosine Deaminase (ADA) deficiency is a somatic intervention where functional ADA cDNA is introduced into lymphocytes, providing a temporary phenotypic correction.
- C.
Because introducing a functional gene at early embryonic stages can theoretically provide a permanent cure, amniocentesis is legally coupled with targeted germline gene editing to eradicate detected metabolic defects during gestation.
- D.
A statutory ban is enforced on amniocentesis primarily to prevent its misuse for sex determination, whereas germline gene therapy is globally restricted due to the unpredictable hereditary consequences of altering embryonic DNA.
Check Your Answer
Correct Answer
Step-by-Step Solution
Explanation
How the Examiner Thinks
Comparative_Analysis
Sharpen your ability to evaluate multiple scenarios and distinguish between competing potential answers.
Concepts Behind This Question
Amniocentesis Ethical Constraint|Plasmid vs Chromosomal DNA|ADA Deficiency Genetic Correction
Why This Question Is Tricky
Common Mistakes
Conceptual Pivot: Students often conflate the theoretical biological possibility of a 'permanent cure' at the embryonic stage (mentioned in NCERT) with the ethical and legal authorization to perform it.
The trap assumes that because we can diagnose a defect early via amniocentesis, we are legally permitted to permanently correct it via germline modification, ignoring the strict regulatory boundary between somatic therapy (allowed) and germline modification (banned).
Quick Facts About This Question
Question Information
| Subject | Biology |
| Chapter | Reproductive Health - Class 12 |
| Concept | Amniocentesis Ethical Constraint |
| Difficulty | 8 |
| Cognitive Load | 5 |
| Target Solve Time | 120 sec |
| Access | Free |