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Question #45053

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The Question

Consider the SNArS_NAr reactions of 1-fluoro-2,4-dinitrobenzene (\textbf{I}) and 1-chloro-2,4-dinitrobenzene (\textbf{II}) at 298 K under two different conditions:\n\nReaction 1: \textbf{I} and \textbf{II} with NaOMeNaOMe in DMSO. (Second-order rate constants: kI,1k_{I,1} and kII,1k_{II,1})\nReaction 2: \textbf{I} and \textbf{II} with KOtBuKO^tBu in DMSO. (Second-order rate constants: kI,2k_{I,2} and kII,2k_{II,2})\n\nLet 'Attack' denote the formation of the Meisenheimer complex and 'Cleavage' denote the breaking of the carbon-halogen bond. Which of the following correctly identifies the relative rate constants and the rate-determining step (RDS) for each reaction?

Options

  • A.

    kI,1>kII,1k_{I,1} > k_{II,1} (RDS1_1: Attack) ; kI,2<kII,2k_{I,2} < k_{II,2} (RDS2_2: Cleavage)

  • B.

    kI,1>kII,1k_{I,1} > k_{II,1} (RDS1_1: Attack) ; kI,2>kII,2k_{I,2} > k_{II,2} (RDS2_2: Attack)

  • C.

    kI,1<kII,1k_{I,1} < k_{II,1} (RDS1_1: Cleavage) ; kI,2<kII,2k_{I,2} < k_{II,2} (RDS2_2: Cleavage)

  • D.

    kI,1<kII,1k_{I,1} < k_{II,1} (RDS1_1: Attack) ; kI,2>kII,2k_{I,2} > k_{II,2} (RDS2_2: Cleavage)

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Correct Answer

Step-by-Step Solution

Explanation

How the Examiner Thinks

Mechanism_Trap

Don't get tricked by the process! Learn the mechanical traps used in competitive exam questions.

Concepts Behind This Question

Resonance Energy and Stability|Nucleophilic Aromatic Substitution (SNAr)|Solvent Effects on Reactivity

Why This Question Is Tricky

Common Mistakes

Students typically memorize the SNArS_NAr reactivity order as F > Cl > Br > I, assuming the nucleophilic attack is always the rate-determining step due to the temporary loss of aromaticity.

The hidden variable being tested is the steric bulk of the nucleophile.

A bulky nucleophile like tBuO−^tBuO^- introduces massive steric strain in the intermediate, making its formation highly reversible.

This shifts the RDS to the leaving group departure, completely inverting the reactivity order because the C-F bond is exceptionally strong compared to C-Cl.

Quick Facts About This Question

Question Information

SubjectChemistry
ChapterOrganic Chemistry – Some Basic Principles and Techniques - Class 11 Part 2
ConceptResonance Energy and Stability
Difficulty8
Cognitive Load7
Target Solve Time160 sec
AccessFree