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Question #44781

Difficulty: 8/10 | 🟢 Free

The Question

A hydrogen concentration cell is constructed at 298 K298\text{ K}: \cePt,H2(1bar)∣HA(aq,0.03M)∣∣HA(aq,0.03M)∣Pt,H2(1bar)\ce{Pt, H_2 (1 bar) | HA (aq, 0.03 M) || HA (aq, 0.03 M) | Pt, H_2 (1 bar)} \ceHA\ce{HA} is a weak monobasic acid. Initially, the EMF of the cell is zero. An equal volume of pure benzene is added to the anode compartment. The mixture is vigorously shaken and allowed to reach equilibrium. The weak acid \ceHA\ce{HA} partitions into the benzene layer and undergoes partial dimerization. Given: Partition coefficient, Kp=[\ceHA]benzene[\ceHA]aq=1K_p = \frac{[\ce{HA}]_{\text{benzene}}}{[\ce{HA}]_{\text{aq}}} = 1 Dimerization constant in benzene, Kd=[(\ceHA)2]benzene[\ceHA]benzene2=50 M−1K_d = \frac{[(\ce{HA})_2]_{\text{benzene}}}{[\ce{HA}]_{\text{benzene}}^2} = 50\text{ M}^{-1} Assume that benzene and water are completely immiscible, the volume of each phase remains constant, and the degree of dissociation of \ceHA\ce{HA} in water is negligible for mass balance calculations. Calculate the new EMF of the cell at 298 K298\text{ K}. (Given: 2.303RTF=0.06 V\frac{2.303 RT}{F} = 0.06\text{ V}, log⁡3=0.48\log 3 = 0.48, log⁡2=0.30\log 2 = 0.30)

Options

  • A.

    14.4 mV

  • B.

    28.8 mV

  • C.

    9.0 mV

  • D.

    12.3 mV

Check Your Answer

Correct Answer

Step-by-Step Solution

Explanation

How the Examiner Thinks

Numerical_Precision

Improve calculation stamina and avoid rounding errors in high-stakes competitive examinations.

Concepts Behind This Question

Electrode Potential Dependencies|Concentration Cells|Molecular Mass Abnormalities

Why This Question Is Tricky

Common Mistakes

The problem tests the integration of Phase Equilibrium (Liquid-Liquid Extraction), Colligative Properties/Association (Dimerization), Ionic Equilibrium (Weak Acid Dissociation), and Electrochemistry (Concentration Cells).

The 'Hidden Variable' is the stoichiometric factor of 2 in the mass balance for the dimerized species, which acts as a sink, drastically reducing the effective molarity of the acid in the aqueous phase.

Furthermore, students often fall into the trap of treating the weak acid as a strong electrolyte in the Nernst equation, forgetting the square root dependence of [H+] on concentration, which leads to exactly double the correct EMF (Option B).

Quick Facts About This Question

Question Information

SubjectChemistry
ChapterElectrochemistry - Class 12
ConceptElectrode Potential Dependencies
Difficulty8
Cognitive Load7
Target Solve Time160 sec
AccessFree