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Question #44328

Difficulty: 8/10 | 🟢 Free

The Question

Cobalt(II,III) oxide (\ce{Co3O4}) is a mixed-valence compound that crystallizes in a normal spinel structure. The successive ionization energies for gaseous cobalt atoms are given as: IE1=760 kJ/molIE_1 = 760 \text{ kJ/mol}, IE2=1460 kJ/molIE_2 = 1460 \text{ kJ/mol}, IE3=3230 kJ/molIE_3 = 3230 \text{ kJ/mol}. Calculate the total ionization energy required to form the constituent cobalt cations present in one mole of \ce{Co3O4} from gaseous cobalt atoms. Additionally, determine the total Crystal Field Stabilization Energy (CFSE) of these cations in their respective lattice sites. (Assume oxide acts as a strong field ligand for \ce{Co^{3+}} and a weak field ligand for \ce{Co^{2+}}. Ignore pairing energy in the final expression, and use Δt=49Δo\Delta_t = \frac{4}{9} \Delta_o).

Options

  • A.

    13120 kJ,−163Δo13120 \text{ kJ}, -\frac{16}{3} \Delta_o

  • B.

    13120 kJ,−5215Δo13120 \text{ kJ}, -\frac{52}{15} \Delta_o

  • C.

    9890 kJ,−5215Δo9890 \text{ kJ}, -\frac{52}{15} \Delta_o

  • D.

    13120 kJ,−43Δo13120 \text{ kJ}, -\frac{4}{3} \Delta_o

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Correct Answer

Step-by-Step Solution

Explanation

How the Examiner Thinks

Numerical_Precision

Improve calculation stamina and avoid rounding errors in high-stakes competitive examinations.

Concepts Behind This Question

d-block Variable Oxidation States|Fractional Oxidation State Misconception|Successive Ionization Energies

Why This Question Is Tricky

Common Mistakes

This problem tests the 'Fractional Oxidation State Misconception' by requiring students to deconstruct a mixed-valence oxide into its exact crystallographic oxidation states (+2 and +3 in a 1:2 ratio) rather than using an average +8/3 state.

It forces a synthesis of atomic energetics (successive ionization energies) and coordination chemistry.

The trap lies in assuming an inverse spinel structure (common for Fe3O4) or failing to recognize that the higher oxidation state of Co(III) induces a low-spin complex even with a weak-field ligand like oxide, which dictates the normal spinel preference and drastically alters the CFSE calculation.

Quick Facts About This Question

Question Information

SubjectChemistry
ChapterClassification of Elements and Periodicity in Properties - Class 11 Part 1
Conceptd-block Variable Oxidation States
Difficulty8
Cognitive Load7
Target Solve Time160 sec
AccessFree