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Question #44322
The Question
Consider the following statements regarding the periodic properties, oxidation states, and acid-base nature of f-block elements and their oxides at :
(I) The basicity of lanthanide(III) oxides () decreases smoothly from to due to the lanthanide contraction and the resulting increase in the polarizing power of . (II) The basicity of actinoid(III) oxides () decreases linearly from to , strictly mirroring the electrostatic trend of the actinoid contraction. (III) Late actinoid oxides exhibit a subtle increase in covalent character due to orbital hybridization, which disrupts the linear relationship between ionic radius and basicity. (IV) Early actinoids (e.g., , , ) predominantly form highly stable oxides in aqueous media, whereas their higher oxidation state oxides are strongly oxidizing. (V) The electrons provide poorer shielding of the nuclear charge than electrons, resulting in a more pronounced element-to-element contraction in the actinoid series. (VI) The uranyl ion () adopts a linear geometry due to the extensive participation of uranium's and orbitals in strong covalent bonding with oxygen.
How many of the above statements are CORRECT?
Options
- A.
2
- B.
3
- C.
4
- D.
5
Check Your Answer
Correct Answer
Step-by-Step Solution
Explanation
How the Examiner Thinks
Exception_Exposure
Learn to identify edge cases and boundary exceptions that JEE examiners hide in math problems.
Concepts Behind This Question
Acid-Base Nature of Oxides|Periodic Properties of Lanthanides|Actinoid Oxidation State Variety
Why This Question Is Tricky
Common Mistakes
This question tests the 'Trend-Matching Trap'.
Students typically memorize the 'Lanthanide Contraction' and assume the 'Actinoid Contraction' perfectly mirrors it, predicting a smooth, linear decrease in basicity for based purely on ionic radius (electrostatics).
The hidden variable is the radial extension of the orbitals.
Unlike the deeply buried orbitals, orbitals can participate in bonding.
This leads to a subtle increase in covalency in late actinoid oxides, disrupting the linear basicity trend.
Furthermore, the question traps students who falsely assume early actinoids prefer the state like lanthanides, ignoring the thermodynamic stability of higher oxidation states (like in ) due to energy proximity.
Quick Facts About This Question
Question Information
| Subject | Chemistry |
| Chapter | Classification of Elements and Periodicity in Properties - Class 11 Part 1 |
| Concept | Acid-Base Nature of Oxides |
| Difficulty | 8 |
| Cognitive Load | 7 |
| Target Solve Time | 160 sec |
| Access | Free |