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Question #43941

Difficulty: 8/10 | 🟢 Free

The Question

In a modified Young's Double Slit Experiment, a monochromatic light of wavelength λ\lambda illuminates two identical slits S1S_1 and S2S_2. The slits are mounted on independent mechanical oscillators such that they oscillate along the direction of light propagation (perpendicular to the plane containing the mean positions of the slits). The displacements of the slits from their mean positions are given by z1(t)=Asin⁡(ω1t)z_1(t) = A \sin(\omega_1 t) and z2(t)=2Asin⁡(ω2t)z_2(t) = 2A \sin(\omega_2 t), where AA is a positive constant. The frequencies ω1\omega_1 and ω2\omega_2 are non-commensurate, and the observation time is much larger than the time periods of both oscillators. The mean separation between the slits is dd, and the screen is placed at a large distance DD (D≫d≫λD \gg d \gg \lambda). Assuming A≪λA \ll \lambda, such that terms of order (A/λ)4(A/\lambda)^4 and higher can be neglected, what is the visibility VV of the time-averaged interference fringes formed on the screen?

Options

  • A.

    1−5π2A2λ21 - \frac{5\pi^2 A^2}{\lambda^2}

  • B.

    1−9π2A2λ21 - \frac{9\pi^2 A^2}{\lambda^2}

  • C.

    1−10π2A2λ21 - \frac{10\pi^2 A^2}{\lambda^2}

  • D.

    1−π2A2λ21 - \frac{\pi^2 A^2}{\lambda^2}

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Correct Answer

Step-by-Step Solution

Explanation

How the Examiner Thinks

Intuition_Breaker

Train your brain to resist "obvious" answers that are designed to deceive your intuition.

Concepts Behind This Question

Coherence Requirement|Effective Spring Constant|Small Angle Approximation

Why This Question Is Tricky

Common Mistakes

The trap tests the student's ability to handle time-varying phase differences in interference patterns.

A common mistake is to either treat the maximum dynamic path difference algebraically (e.g., assuming an effective amplitude of 3A3A or AA by linearly adding or subtracting amplitudes) or to incorrectly apply the time average to the amplitude rather than the intensity.

Furthermore, students often fail to recognize that for non-commensurate frequencies, the cross-correlation of the independent SHMs is zero, meaning the variances of the displacements add linearly (σtotal2=σ12+σ22\sigma_{total}^2 = \sigma_1^2 + \sigma_2^2).

By asking for the visibility, the problem forces the transition from a spatial interference pattern to a time-averaged intensity distribution, rigorously testing the superposition of independent oscillatory dynamics.

Quick Facts About This Question

Question Information

SubjectPhysics
ChapterWave Optics - Class 12
ConceptCoherence Requirement
Difficulty8
Cognitive Load7
Target Solve Time160 sec
AccessFree