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Question #43881

Difficulty: 8/10 | 🟢 Free

The Question

A rectangular conducting loop of mass m=1 kgm = 1 \text{ kg}, resistance R=10 ΩR = 10 \text{ } \Omega, and width L=2 mL = 2 \text{ m} is connected to a fixed support by a massless spring of spring constant k=200 N/mk = 200 \text{ N/m}. The loop is partially placed in a uniform magnetic field B=5 TB = 5 \text{ T} directed perpendicular to the plane of the loop. An external driving force F(t)=202cos⁡(10t) NF(t) = 20\sqrt{2} \cos(10t) \text{ N} is applied to the loop in its plane, perpendicular to the magnetic field boundary. Assuming the loop never fully enters or exits the magnetic field region, find the phase angle ϕ\phi by which the applied force F(t)F(t) leads the displacement x(t)x(t) of the loop, and the average power PP dissipated in the resistor in the steady state.

Options

  • A.

    ϕ=π4 rad,P=20 W\phi = \frac{\pi}{4} \text{ rad}, P = 20 \text{ W}

  • B.

    ϕ=0 rad,P=40 W\phi = 0 \text{ rad}, P = 40 \text{ W}

  • C.

    ϕ=π4 rad,P=40 W\phi = \frac{\pi}{4} \text{ rad}, P = 40 \text{ W}

  • D.

    ϕ=π2 rad,P=20 W\phi = \frac{\pi}{2} \text{ rad}, P = 20 \text{ W}

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Correct Answer

Step-by-Step Solution

Explanation

How the Examiner Thinks

Intuition_Breaker

Train your brain to resist "obvious" answers that are designed to deceive your intuition.

Concepts Behind This Question

Resistor Phase Invariance|SHM Definition via Differential Equation|Force on Current-Carrying Loop

Why This Question Is Tricky

Common Mistakes

This question tests the student's ability to recognize electromechanical coupling and the phase-lagged nature of mechanical restoring forces.

A common trap is treating the electrical circuit and mechanical system as uncoupled, calculating the displacement using only the spring force (mx¨+kx=Fm\ddot{x} + kx = F) and ignoring the velocity-dependent magnetic damping force (Fm=−B2L2v/RF_m = -B^2L^2v/R).

If a student falls for this, they will find an incorrect phase angle (ϕ=0\phi = 0) and use the undamped velocity amplitude to calculate an overestimated power dissipation (40 W40 \text{ W}).

This violates the conservation of energy and Lenz's Law, as the resistor's power comes directly from the mechanical work done against the magnetic field.

Quick Facts About This Question

Question Information

SubjectPhysics
ChapterAlternating Current - Class 12
ConceptResistor Phase Invariance
Difficulty8
Cognitive Load7
Target Solve Time160 sec
AccessFree