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Question #43848

Difficulty: 8/10 | 🟢 Free

The Question

A spherical p-n junction has a depletion region extending from an inner radius r=ar = a to an outer radius r=br = b. The metallurgical junction is located at r=R=a+b2r = R = \frac{a+b}{2}. The effective volume charge density ρ(r)\rho(r) within the depletion region is modeled as ρ(r)=Aϵr2\rho(r) = \frac{A \epsilon}{r^2} for a≤r<Ra \le r < R, and ρ(r)=−Aϵr2\rho(r) = -\frac{A \epsilon}{r^2} for R<r≤bR < r \le b, where AA is a positive constant with units of Volts, and ϵ\epsilon is the permittivity of the semiconductor. Assuming the electric field is zero for r<ar < a and r>br > b, what is the magnitude of the built-in potential difference ΔV\Delta V across the depletion region?

Options

  • A.

    Aln⁡((a+b)24ab)A \ln \left( \frac{(a+b)^2}{4ab} \right)

  • B.

    A(b−a)2(a+b)2A \frac{(b-a)^2}{(a+b)^2}

  • C.

    A(b−a)24abA \frac{(b-a)^2}{4ab}

  • D.

    Aln⁡(ba)A \ln \left( \frac{b}{a} \right)

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Explanation

How the Examiner Thinks

Multi-Concept_Bridge

Master problems that require linking physics and math concepts to solve complex competitive questions.

Concepts Behind This Question

Depletion Region Dynamics|Charged Conducting Sphere|Potential of Concentric Shells|Integration

Why This Question Is Tricky

Common Mistakes

This question tests the application of Gauss's Law and potential integration in a non-uniform spherical geometry, specifically targeting the misconception of treating spherical depletion regions like planar capacitors.

Students often incorrectly apply the planar approximation ΔV=12Emax(b−a)\Delta V = \frac{1}{2} E_{max} (b-a), ignoring the 1/r21/r^2 spatial dependence of the electric field in spherical coordinates.

By coupling the Poisson equation with spherical boundary conditions, the problem forces the rigorous integration of ∇2V=−ρ/ϵ\nabla^2 V = -\rho/\epsilon, penalizing those who bypass the geometric divergence of the electric field lines.

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Question Information

SubjectPhysics
ChapterSemiconductor Electronics: Materials, Devices, and Simple Circuits - Class 12
ConceptDepletion Region Dynamics
Difficulty8
Cognitive Load7
Target Solve Time160 sec
AccessFree