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Question #43591

Difficulty: 8/10 | 🟢 Free

The Question

A telescope with a circular objective lens of diameter D=0.122 mD = 0.122 \text{ m} is used to observe two distant point sources emitting light of frequency f0=6×1014 Hzf_0 = 6 \times 10^{14} \text{ Hz} in a vacuum. The entire setup (sources and telescope) is then completely immersed in a transparent, non-magnetic liquid of dielectric constant K=4K = 4. Let Δθ\Delta \theta be the new minimum angular separation required to just resolve the two sources according to the Rayleigh criterion, and ff be the frequency of the light in the liquid. Which of the following represents the correct values for Δθ\Delta \theta and ff? (Take the speed of light in vacuum as c=3×108 m/sc = 3 \times 10^8 \text{ m/s})

Options

  • A.

    Δθ=2.5×10−6 rad,  f=6×1014 Hz\Delta \theta = 2.5 \times 10^{-6} \text{ rad}, \; f = 6 \times 10^{14} \text{ Hz}

  • B.

    Δθ=5.0×10−6 rad,  f=3×1014 Hz\Delta \theta = 5.0 \times 10^{-6} \text{ rad}, \; f = 3 \times 10^{14} \text{ Hz}

  • C.

    Δθ=1.0×10−5 rad,  f=6×1014 Hz\Delta \theta = 1.0 \times 10^{-5} \text{ rad}, \; f = 6 \times 10^{14} \text{ Hz}

  • D.

    Δθ=2.5×10−6 rad,  f=3×1014 Hz\Delta \theta = 2.5 \times 10^{-6} \text{ rad}, \; f = 3 \times 10^{14} \text{ Hz}

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How the Examiner Thinks

Multi-Concept_Bridge

Master problems that require linking physics and math concepts to solve complex competitive questions.

Concepts Behind This Question

Angular Resolution Limit|Spectrum Order and Frequency/Wavelength|Dielectric Constant (K) Shift

Why This Question Is Tricky

Common Mistakes

This question tests the understanding of wave properties and the Rayleigh criterion in different optical media.

A common trap is assuming that the frequency of light changes when it enters a dielectric medium, leading students to incorrectly calculate the wavelength or select an option with a modified frequency.

Another trap is forgetting that the angular resolution limit (Δθ≈1.22λ/D\Delta \theta \approx 1.22\lambda/D) depends strictly on the wavelength in the medium (λm=λ0/K\lambda_m = \lambda_0/\sqrt{K}), not the vacuum wavelength.

Students who misapply the relation v=fλv = f\lambda by keeping λ\lambda constant and changing ff, or who multiply the wavelength by the refractive index instead of dividing, will fall for the distractor options.

Quick Facts About This Question

Question Information

SubjectPhysics
ChapterWave Optics - Class 12
ConceptAngular Resolution Limit
Difficulty8
Cognitive Load7
Target Solve Time160 sec
AccessFree