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Question #43421

Difficulty: 8/10 | 🟢 Free

The Question

A toroid with a rectangular cross-section has an inner radius a=0.1 ma = 0.1 \text{ m}, an outer radius b=0.2 mb = 0.2 \text{ m}, and a height h=0.05 mh = 0.05 \text{ m}. It is uniformly wound with N=1000N = 1000 turns of wire carrying a steady current I=2 AI = 2 \text{ A}. The core of the toroid is filled with a non-linear ferromagnetic material whose magnetic permeability varies radially as μ(r)=μ0(br)\mu(r) = \mu_0 \left( \frac{b}{r} \right), where rr is the distance from the central axis of the toroid and μ0=4π×10−7 T⋅m/A\mu_0 = 4\pi \times 10^{-7} \text{ T}\cdot\text{m/A}. Calculate the total magnetic flux Φ\Phi passing through the cross-section of the toroid.

Options

  • A.

    20.0  μWb20.0 \; \mu\text{Wb}

  • B.

    40.0ln⁡(2)  μWb40.0 \ln(2) \; \mu\text{Wb}

  • C.

    20.0ln⁡(2)  μWb20.0 \ln(2) \; \mu\text{Wb}

  • D.

    17.8  μWb17.8 \; \mu\text{Wb}

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Explanation

How the Examiner Thinks

Multi-Concept_Bridge

Master problems that require linking physics and math concepts to solve complex competitive questions.

Concepts Behind This Question

Toroidal Solenoid Boundary Conditions|Magnetic Permeability and Susceptibility|Integration

Why This Question Is Tricky

Common Mistakes

This question tests the fundamental distinction between Magnetic Field Intensity (H) and Magnetic Flux Density (B) in non-uniform media.

Students often incorrectly apply Ampere's Law directly to B as ∮B⃗⋅dl⃗=μavgIenc\oint \vec{B} \cdot d\vec{l} = \mu_{avg} I_{enc} or assume B is uniform across the cross-section (evaluating it at the mean radius).

By making μ\mu a function of rr, the problem forces the application of Ampere's Law to H first, which is independent of the material.

The radial dependence of μ(r)\mu(r) then couples with the 1/r1/r dependence of H(r)H(r) to create a 1/r21/r^2 dependence for B(r)B(r), requiring a proper area integral to find the total flux.

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Question Information

SubjectPhysics
ChapterMoving Charges and Magnetism - Class 12
ConceptToroidal Solenoid Boundary Conditions
Difficulty8
Cognitive Load7
Target Solve Time160 sec
AccessFree