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Question #43371
The Question
A resistor of constant heat capacity is connected across an ideal DC voltage source . The resistance varies with temperature as , where is the resistance at the environment temperature , and is the temperature coefficient of resistance. At , the resistor is at an initial temperature () and loses heat to the environment according to Newton's Law of Cooling. The rate of heat loss is given by , where is a constant. Let and be the current and resistance at , respectively, and let . Which of the following expressions correctly gives the initial rate of change of current, ?
Options
- A.
- B.
- C.
- D.
Check Your Answer
Correct Answer
Step-by-Step Solution
Explanation
How the Examiner Thinks
Intuition_Breaker
Train your brain to resist "obvious" answers that are designed to deceive your intuition.
Concepts Behind This Question
Temperature Coefficient (Alpha)|First Law Application|Dimensional Consistency
Why This Question Is Tricky
Common Mistakes
This question tests the student's ability to couple electrical and thermodynamic systems during a transient phase.
The 'Lethal Collision' occurs when students either ignore the non-conservative Joule heating term (assuming the resistor only cools passively, leading to Option C) or misapply the resistance derivative by incorrectly using the initial resistance instead of the base resistance as the coefficient for (leading to Option D).
Furthermore, students who fail to recognize that Joule heating opposes the cooling process will make a sign error in the thermal balance equation, resulting in Option B.
The correct approach requires a rigorous application of the First Law of Thermodynamics to find the instantaneous rate of temperature change, followed by the chain rule to link thermal and electrical rates of change.
Quick Facts About This Question
Question Information
| Subject | Physics |
| Chapter | Current Electricity - Class 12 |
| Concept | Temperature Coefficient (Alpha) |
| Difficulty | 8 |
| Cognitive Load | 7 |
| Target Solve Time | 160 sec |
| Access | Free |