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Question #42996

Difficulty: 8/10 | 🟢 Free

The Question

A large stationary circular wire loop of radius RR lies in the xyxy-plane, centered at the origin. A small planar coil of area AA (A≪R2A \ll R^2) is placed at the origin. The small coil rotates about the xx-axis with a constant angular velocity ω\omega. At t=0t=0, the area vector n^\hat{n} of the small coil is directed along the +z+z-axis. The small coil carries a time-varying current I(t)=I0tI(t) = I_0 t (where I0I_0 is a positive constant), such that its magnetic moment is m⃗(t)=I(t)An^\vec{m}(t) = I(t) A \hat{n}. Additionally, a uniform external magnetic field B⃗ext=βtk^\vec{B}_{ext} = \beta t \hat{k} (where β\beta is a positive constant) exists in the entire region. What is the induced electromotive force (EMF) in the large loop at time t=π2ωt = \frac{\pi}{2\omega}? Take the counter-clockwise direction in the xyxy-plane (viewed from the +z+z-axis) as positive.

Options

  • A.

    μ0πAI04R−πR2β\frac{\mu_0 \pi A I_0}{4R} - \pi R^2 \beta

  • B.

    −πR2β-\pi R^2 \beta

  • C.

    −μ0πAI04R−πR2β-\frac{\mu_0 \pi A I_0}{4R} - \pi R^2 \beta

  • D.

    μ0AI02R−πR2β\frac{\mu_0 A I_0}{2R} - \pi R^2 \beta

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Correct Answer

Step-by-Step Solution

Explanation

How the Examiner Thinks

Variable_Constraint

Develop pure symbolic logic skills by mastering algebraic constraints without relying on numerical data.

Concepts Behind This Question

Mutual Inductance Reciprocity|Induced Electric Fields|Vector Cross-Product

Why This Question Is Tricky

Common Mistakes

This problem tests the comprehensive application of Faraday's Law and the Reciprocity Theorem in a system with time-varying mutual inductance.

A common trap is treating the induced EMF as a simple sum of −Mdidt-M \frac{di}{dt} and the external field's contribution, completely missing the −IdMdt-I \frac{dM}{dt} term.

This missing term represents the induced electric field generated by the physical rotation of the magnetic dipole (the small coil), which creates a time-varying magnetic flux even if its current were constant.

Furthermore, calculating the flux of the small coil through the large loop directly is mathematically prohibitive due to spatial singularities; it requires the strategic application of the Reciprocity Theorem (M12=M21M_{12} = M_{21}) to evaluate the mutual inductance via the uniform field of the large loop.

Quick Facts About This Question

Question Information

SubjectPhysics
ChapterElectromagnetic Induction - Class 12
ConceptMutual Inductance Reciprocity
Difficulty8
Cognitive Load7
Target Solve Time160 sec
AccessFree