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Question #42190
The Question
A thermally insulated rectangular box of length , width , and height contains moles of an ideal monoatomic gas of molar mass . The box is placed in a uniform downward gravitational field . Assume the gas is in thermal equilibrium at an initial temperature , and the gravitational potential energy is small compared to the thermal energy (, where is the universal gas constant). The vertical wall at (of area ) is flexible. An external agent quasi-statically pushes this wall inwards such that the inward displacement of the wall at a height from the bottom is given by , where . Find the change in temperature of the gas. (Keep terms up to first order in ).
Options
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Correct Answer
Step-by-Step Solution
Explanation
How the Examiner Thinks
Variable_Constraint
Develop pure symbolic logic skills by mastering algebraic constraints without relying on numerical data.
Concepts Behind This Question
Adiabatic Process Constraint|Superposition Principle|Integration
Why This Question Is Tricky
Common Mistakes
This question tests the superposition of infinitesimal work components in a system with a non-uniform pressure distribution.
Students typically memorize the global adiabatic constraint and apply it using the average volume change, which implicitly assumes uniform pressure.
By introducing a gravitational pressure gradient and a spatially varying boundary displacement, the local work must be integrated explicitly.
The trap lies in either ignoring the pressure gradient entirely (yielding the standard uniform-pressure result) or failing to normalize the base pressure against the total number of moles, which leads to an incorrect first-order correction.
Quick Facts About This Question
Question Information
| Subject | Physics |
| Chapter | Thermodynamics - Class 11 Part 2 |
| Concept | Adiabatic Process Constraint |
| Difficulty | 8 |
| Cognitive Load | 7 |
| Target Solve Time | 160 sec |
| Access | Free |