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Question #42080

Difficulty: 8/10 | 🟢 Free

The Question

A rigid, massless plank is hinged to a horizontal, non-expanding floor. The plank is supported by a vertical cylindrical pillar of height HH at a horizontal distance LL from the hinge, forming an incline of angle α=30∘\alpha = 30^\circ. The pillar is made of a material with coefficient of linear thermal expansion β\beta and Poisson's ratio ν\nu. It is tightly fitted inside a rigid, unexpandable cylindrical sleeve that prevents any lateral expansion. A small block of mass mm is launched from the hinge up the incline by a spring of stiffness kk compressed by x0x_0. The block travels as a projectile in the vertical plane, making an angle θ=30∘\theta = 30^\circ with the incline. If the temperature of the pillar is increased by a small amount ΔT\Delta T, find the fractional change in the range of the projectile along the incline, ΔRR\frac{\Delta R}{R}. Assume the spring and floor are unaffected by the temperature change.

Options

  • A.

    −14(1+ν1−ν)βΔT-\frac{1}{4} \left( \frac{1+\nu}{1-\nu} \right) \beta \Delta T

  • B.

    −12(1+ν1−ν)βΔT-\frac{1}{2} \left( \frac{1+\nu}{1-\nu} \right) \beta \Delta T

  • C.

    −14(1+ν)βΔT-\frac{1}{4} (1+\nu) \beta \Delta T

  • D.

    −12(1−ν1+ν)βΔT-\frac{1}{2} \left( \frac{1-\nu}{1+\nu} \right) \beta \Delta T

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Explanation

How the Examiner Thinks

Multi-Concept_Bridge

Master problems that require linking physics and math concepts to solve complex competitive questions.

Concepts Behind This Question

Projectile on Inclined Plane|Thermal Stress Calculation|Poisson's Ratio Limits|Mechanical Energy Conservation

Why This Question Is Tricky

Common Mistakes

This problem tests the synthesis of thermal elasticity, kinematics, and error analysis.

The primary trap is ignoring the lateral confinement of the pillar, which amplifies the vertical thermal strain via the Poisson effect.

A secondary trap lies in the differentiation of the range formula: students often forget to differentiate the cos⁡2α\cos^2 \alpha term in the denominator, leading to an incorrect sensitivity factor for the range with respect to the incline angle.

The integration of mechanical energy conservation ensures the initial velocity is independent of the thermal expansion.

Quick Facts About This Question

Question Information

SubjectPhysics
ChapterMotion in a Plane - Class 11 Part 1
ConceptProjectile on Inclined Plane
Difficulty8
Cognitive Load7
Target Solve Time160 sec
AccessFree