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Question #42052

Difficulty: 8/10 | 🟢 Free

The Question

A potentiometer wire of length L=10 mL = 10 \text{ m} has a uniform potential gradient k=2.0 V/mk = 2.0 \text{ V/m}. An unknown cell of emf EE is connected in the secondary circuit with a galvanometer of resistance Rg=25 ΩR_g = 25 \ \Omega and inductance Lg=2.5 HL_g = 2.5 \text{ H}. The jockey is moved along the wire from x=0x = 0 at a constant velocity v=0.4 m/sv = 0.4 \text{ m/s}. An automated sensor detects the instant the galvanometer current becomes zero and applies a brake to the jockey after a mechanical processing delay of Δtm=0.15 s\Delta t_m = 0.15 \text{ s}. The brake provides a constant deceleration a=0.8 m/s2a = 0.8 \text{ m/s}^2 until the jockey stops. If the final resting position of the jockey is xf=4.50 mx_f = 4.50 \text{ m}, what is the true emf EE of the cell? (Assume the jockey starts at t=0t=0 from x=0x=0 and the transient effects from the start of motion have decayed).

Options

  • A.

    8.60 V8.60 \text{ V}

  • B.

    8.68 V8.68 \text{ V}

  • C.

    8.80 V8.80 \text{ V}

  • D.

    9.00 V9.00 \text{ V}

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Correct Answer

Step-by-Step Solution

Explanation

How the Examiner Thinks

Multi-Concept_Bridge

Master problems that require linking physics and math concepts to solve complex competitive questions.

Concepts Behind This Question

The Reaction Time Gap|Potentiometer Null Point|Instantaneous vs Average

Why This Question Is Tricky

Common Mistakes

This question tests the student's ability to distinguish between a stationary null point and a dynamic measurement instance in a potentiometer.

The primary trap is treating the potential drop as an instantaneous scalar value, ignoring the electrical latency caused by the galvanometer's inductance.

By modeling the system as an RL circuit with a ramp input voltage, students must realize that the zero-current crossing is delayed by the time constant τ=Lg/Rg\tau = L_g/R_g.

Failing to account for this electrical delay, or the subsequent kinematic delays (reaction time and braking distance), leads to an overestimation of the true null point and the unknown emf.

Quick Facts About This Question

Question Information

SubjectPhysics
ChapterMotion in a Straight Line - Class 11 Part 1
ConceptThe Reaction Time Gap
Difficulty8
Cognitive Load7
Target Solve Time160 sec
AccessFree